CAYCE, S.C. – Federal investigators are trying to figure out why a switch was in the wrong position, sending a passenger train into a freight train in South Carolina in a crash that killed two Amtrak employees and injured more than 100 others.
Conductor Michael Cella, 36, of Orange Park, and engineer Michael Kempf, 54, of Savannah were killed.
Rail safety expert weighs in
Michael Callanan, a rail safety expert and former co-worker of Cella said that the railroad industry failed Cella.
"I just think railroad in general has a poor safety culture. It always has," Callanan said. "And I think they need to get it – you know, it’s 2018. Come on. Wake up and get with it."
Callanan attended Amtrak training school with Cella in Wilmington, Delaware. Callanan describes him as a family man who had a passion for his career and quickly earned the respect of his colleagues.
Callanan, and a current CSX employee who asked to remain anonymous, said bare-bones staffing and long hours have led to potentially deadly mistakes.
"The rank and file at Amtrak, there’s a code of silence," Callanan said. "Everybody’s afraid to talk about anything or report anything for fear of being fired, so you just come to work and be quiet."
Callanan says this tragedy demonstrates the need for safety improvements with all railroad companies.
"That’s a recipe for disaster," Callanan said. "I mean, they just need to get safety to where it needs to be and become the top-notch railroad, and there’s no reason they can’t do that. But it’s going to take a lot of work."
As of now, investigators believe a rail switch was in the wrong position prior to the crash, diverting the passenger train directly into the freight train.
Neighbors react
One of Cella's neighbors, who wished to remain unnamed, told News4Jax that Cella left behind a wife and young children.
"This situation actually is really sad, because those babies are really young and now they don't have their dad around," the neighbor said. "You turn on the news all the time and you hear about accidents here and someone losing their lives. But when it hits next door, it's really a shocker. (The) last thing I'd expect for you to tell me."
Of the 116 people taken to four hospitals, only about a half-dozen were admitted. The rest had minor injuries such as cuts, bruises or whiplash, authorities said.
"Any time you have anything that happens like that, you expect more fatalities. But God blessed us, and we only had the two," Lexington County Coroner Margaret Fisher said, her voice choked with emotion.
Officials with CSX Corp. -- the Jacksonville-based freight railroad operator that runs that stretch of track -- issued a statement expressing condolences, but said nothing about the cause.
Several of the passengers were from the Jacksonville area. One described the wreck, injuries and chaos.
"I had just come out of the restroom when I felt it," said Sherry Call, of Jacksonville's Southside. "Sounded like somebody shredding aluminum cans. It was terrifying."
Call said she was knocked to the ground, hurting her head, back, knee and foot, and then had to leave the train in freezing weather with diesel fuel leaking around her.
Regulators don't yet know exactly what caused the crash, but they already know what could have prevented the wreck: a GPS-based system called "positive train control," which knows the location of all trains and the positions of all switches in an area, and can prevent the kind of human error that puts two trains on the same track.
"It could have avoided this accident. That's what it's designed to do," said National Transportation Safety Board Chairman Robert Sumwalt.
Regulators have demanded the implementation of positive train control for decades, and the technology is now in place in the Northeast, but railroads that operate tracks used by Amtrak elsewhere in the U.S. have won repeated extensions from the government. The deadline for installing such equipment is now the end of 2018.
"Business as usual must end," Democratic Sen. Richard Blumenthal, of Connecticut, said after this latest crash.
Sumwalt said the passenger train hurtled down a side track near Cayce around 2:45 a.m. Sunday after a stop 10 miles north in Columbia because a switch had been locked in place, diverting the train from the main line. A crew on the freight train had moved the switch to drive it from one side track -- where it unloaded 34 train cars of automobiles -- to the side track where it was parked. The switch was padlocked as it was supposed to be, Sumwalt said.
The system that operates the train signals in the area was down, so CSX dispatchers were operating them manually. Sumwalt said it was too early to know if the signal was red to warn the Amtrak crew that the switch was not set to continue along the main train line.
Just hours after Sunday's crash, which also sent 116 of the 147 people on board the New York-to-Miami train to the hospital, Amtrak President Robert Anderson said there must be no more delays from the federal government in installing the safety system by the end of 2018.
He deferred to investigators about whether the system would have stopped this crash. "Theoretically, an operative PTC system would include switches in addition to signals, so it would cover both speed and switches," Anderson said.
The Silver Star was going an estimated 59 mph when it struck the freight train, Gov. Henry McMaster said. It was the middle of the night, and many people were jolted from sleep by the crash and forced into the cold.
"I thought that I was dead," said passenger Eric Larkin, of Pamlico County, North Carolina, who was dazed and limping after banging his knee during the crash.
Suddenly awake, Larkin said the train was shaking and jumping and his seat broke loose, slamming him into the row in front of him.
He heard screams and crying all around him as he tried to get out. Other passengers were bleeding.
The locomotives of both trains were crumpled on impact, and the Amtrak engine ended up on its side. One car in the middle of the Amtrak train was snapped in half, forming a V off to one side of the tracks.
Bad week for trains
On Wednesday, a chartered Amtrak train carrying Republican members of Congress to a retreat slammed into a garbage truck at a crossing where locals said the safety arms were down even when no trains approached. That accident, which took place in rural Virginia, killed one person in the truck and injured six others.
And on Dec. 18, an Amtrak train ran off the rails along a curve during its inaugural run near Tacoma, Washington, killing three people and injuring dozens. It was going nearly 80 mph, more than twice the speed limit.
"It's becoming almost like an epidemic for Amtrak," said Najmedin Meshkati, a University of Southern California engineering professor who has studied positive train control.