VILNIUS – Follow along for updates on the summit of the NATO military alliance in Lithuania’s capital:
What to know:
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— Ukraine wins G7 security pledges but its NATO membership remains elusive
— Turkey won’t ratify Sweden’s NATO membership before October, Erdogan says
— Biden and Zelenskyy praise each other despite divisions over Ukraine war
— Greece and Turkey pledge to ‘reset’ ties and bypass longstanding disputes
— NATO’s Article 5 stands in way of Ukraine joining alliance while at war
— NATO summit in brief: Mixed news for Ukraine and a response to Russia
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Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy has hailed “small steps forward” at the NATO summit in Lithuania that are moving his country closer to victory against Russian forces.
As the two-day summit ended Wednesday, the Ukrainian leader emphasized the importance of receiving an array of weaponry — much of it Western-supplied. He said talks about supplies of artillery were continuing and stressed the need for air and sky defense systems.
“The power of weapons always brings victory on the battlefield,” he said.
Zelenskyy welcomed new security guarantees pledged by the G7 industrialized nations, saying they were part of “Ukraine’s path to NATO.”
While the alliance didn’t offer a timetable for Ukraine’s hoped-for membership in NATO, Zelenskyy said Ukraine would never agree to any deal that might involve an exchange of Ukrainian territory — to Russia — to ease the way toward alliance membership.
“We will never exchange any status for any of our territories,” Zelenskyy said in response to a question. “Even if it’s just one village with one elderly person, we will not give away our territories or exchange them for a frozen conflict.”
Biden, speaking at the end of the summit, said: “One thing Zelenskyy understands now is that whether or not he’s in NATO now, it’s not relevant as long as he has commitments” like security guarantees for the longer term. “So he’s not concerned about that now.”
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President Joe Biden said Wednesday that the U.S. and allied commitment to Ukraine “will not weaken” as he highlighted NATO support for Kyiv more than 500 days after Russia’s invasion.
Speaking in Vilnius, Lithuania at the conclusion of the alliance’s annual summit, Biden told a crowd of cheering thousands, “our unity will not falter — I promise you.”
Biden said the response to the Ukraine crisis is a model for the U.S. and its allies for how to respond to other global challenges, from climate change to China, saying their position is stronger when they “build the broadest and deepest coalition.”
He praised Ukraine’s defenders and their Western backers who have sent billions in weapons and economic assistance to support the country's fight against Russian forces.
“We will not waver,” Biden said. “I mean that. Our commitment to Ukraine will not weaken. We will stand for freedom today, tomorrow and for as long as it takes.”
The remarks come after NATO brushed off Ukraine’s request for a swift on-ramp into the alliance, but as the allies held open the door for Kyiv to eventually join.
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Spanish Prime Minister Pedro Sánchez says his country will sign on to a Group of Seven declaration on security guarantees for Ukraine.
Spain isn't a G-7 nation but has helped Ukraine with military and humanitarian aid, including Leopard tanks. Sánchez's government also announced Wednesday that it plans to deploy some 700 troops to Slovakia, which borders Ukraine, for the first time to lead a NATO combat group.
Separately, Italian Premier Giorgia Meloni noted that the war in Ukraine has had “important repercussions on developing countries” and said she requested “greater attention to the southern flank" of Europe, which includes Spain.
Meloni’s stress on Europe’s southern border on the Mediterranean Sea is rooted in her determination to choke off smuggling of migrants from launching points in North Africa. Italy, one of the G-7 industrialized nations, is a primary destination for migrants crossing the sea.
“It’s not an Italian problem,’’ she said, expressing satisfaction that “there seems to be a greater awareness” of a need for a strategic approach to that part of Europe.
The comments came toward the end of the two-day NATO summit in Lithuania.
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Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan says Sweden’s NATO membership bid will not be ratified by his country’s parliament before October.
For months, Turkey has held out on approving Sweden’s bid to join the Atlantic alliance. At their summit in Lithuania, NATO leaders said he was about to end the impasse by sending the matter to the Turkish parliament for ratification.
Erdogan, fresh off his reelection last month, told reporters Wednesday that the process would have to wait until after Turkish lawmakers return from a summer recess, “but our target is to finalize this matter as swiftly as possible.”
Turkey on Monday withdrew its objections to Sweden joining the alliance, a step toward the unity that Western leaders have been eager to demonstrate in the face of Russia’s invasion of Ukraine.
Finland has already become the 31st member of the alliance, and Sweden is on deck to become the 32nd. Both Nordic countries were historically nonaligned until the war increased fears of Russian aggression.
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French President Emmanuel Macron called Wednesday for sustained international military support for Ukraine because Russia is now showing signs of “weakness” and division.
Speaking at the end of a NATO summit in Lithuania dominated by the war, Macron said the path for Ukraine to join NATO is “open,” even though alliance members stopped short of offering a clear timetable or plan for the country's membership.
Responding to Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy’s disappointment, Macron said “it’s legitimate” for Ukraine's leader “to expect a lot from us.”
But, the French president said at the summit, NATO allies “did what we ought to do” while preserving the unity of the alliance.
Macron said “time is on Ukraine’s side” in the war, because divisions exposed by a mutiny by Wagner mercenaries last month “have shown the weakness of Russian power.”
The French president reiterated a promise to send SCALP long-range missiles to Ukraine and said NATO allies should maintain a long-term commitment. Even if the war drags on, he said, “We will still be there.”
Macron also made it clear that he opposes expanding NATO’s activities beyond Europe. The alliance had planned to open a liaison office in Japan but France opposed the move. The alliance makes decisions unanimously.
He welcomed Japan’s presence at the summit and said NATO should have partners in the Indo-Pacific or other regions. “Nevertheless, put simply, it remains the North-Atlantic Treaty Organization. The Indo-Pacific is not the North Atlantic.”
Earlier Wednesday, China — where Macron traveled on a state visit in April — reiterated that it "resolutely opposes NATO’s eastward expansion into the Asia-Pacific.”
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U.S. President Joe Biden told Ukrainian President Voldymyr Zelenskyy on Wednesday that the United States is “doing everything we can” to help Ukraine succeed in its fight against Russia, adding that he understands Zelenskyy’s frustration over NATO’s decision regarding membership for his country.
The presidents sat down together on the sidelines of the annual NATO summit in Lithuania after the U.S. and other world powers announced long-term security commitments for Ukraine.
Biden told Zelenskyy: “We’re going to make sure you get what you need.”
Zelenskyy expressed his gratitude for billions of dollars in weapons and other support from the American people, despite his biting criticism of NATO a day earlier over not outlining a pathway to membership for his country.
The U.S. has said Ukraine should not be allowed to join NATO while it is at war, out of fear that membership would spark a global confrontation with Russia, which opposes Ukraine coming under NATO’s security umbrella.
Zelenskyy told Biden: “You gave us huge support and I want to thank all the Americans.”
Biden said Ukraine is paying a “hell of a price” but that the war is “bringing the world together.” He said U.S. Defense Secretary Lloyd Austin has been calling his counterparts around the world for help.
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British Prime Minister Rishi Sunak has declined to repeat his defense minister’s comments that Ukraine must ensure its allies don’t feel taken for granted.
Defense Secretary Ben Wallace said at the NATO summit in Vilnius that “whether we like it or not, people want to see gratitude” for supplying Ukraine with weapons.
Sunak said President Volodymyr Zelenskyy had “repeatedly expressed his gratitude” to the U.K. and other allies.
Speaking at a news conference in Vilnius, Sunak said Ukrainians are “fighting for their lives and freedom. So I completely understand Volodymyr’s desire to do everything he can to protect his people and to stop this war.”
He said the NATO summit had seen allies “doubling down in their support” for Kyiv and had taken a “big step” toward admitting Ukraine to the alliance.
“The summit communique echoes the U.K.’s long-held position that Ukraine’s future is in NATO,” he said.
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The Group of Seven industrial nations issued a joint declaration on Wednesday pledging long-term security assistance for Ukraine to bolster the besieged country’s defenses during and after its war with Russia.
“Our solidarity will never waver,” said Prime Minister Fumio Kishida of Japan, which sits with Britain, Canada, France, Germany, Italy and the United States to make up the G-7.
The announcement, which came on the last day of a NATO summit in Vilnius, Lithuania, lays the groundwork for individual nations to negotiate their own arrangements with Ukraine.
“We’re going to help Ukraine build a strong, capable defense,” U.S. President Joe Biden said.
Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy expressed gratitude for the support, saying the actions taken during the Vilnius summit would provide “much needed and meaningful success” for his country.
German Chancellor Olaf Scholz said the G-7's arrangement makes it possible for signatories to further specify their concrete contributions to Ukraine and embed them “in a longer-term strategy which Ukraine can then rely on.”
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British Defense Secretary Ben Wallace has raised some eyebrows by suggesting that Ukraine should appear more grateful for Western military support and not treat allies like “Amazon.”
“Whether we like it or not, people want to see gratitude,” Wallace told reporters at the NATO summit in Vilnius, Lithuania, noting that Ukraine was persuading other countries to give up their own stocks of weapons.
In comments cited by multiple British media outlets, including The Times of London, The Guardian and the Independent, Wallace said he had heard “grumbles” from lawmakers on Capitol Hill in Washington that “we’re not Amazon.”
“I mean, that’s true,” he was quoted as saying. “I told them that last June: I said to the Ukrainians when I drove 11 hours to be given a list: ‘I’m not Amazon.’”
U.K. Prime Minister Rishi Sunak’s spokesman, Max Blain, downplayed the remarks.
“I think you have heard from President Zelenskyy repeatedly, and indeed today, about his gratitude to the people of the United Kingdom for their support and their generosity,” he said, adding that “the U.K. government and the U.K. people will be steadfast in support” of Ukraine.
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Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy has welcomed the recent U.S. decision to send cluster munitions to his country, saying Russia also uses the controversial and widely banned weapons.
“Russia constantly uses cluster munitions on our territory. It wages war exclusively on our land. It kills our people,” he said Wednesday at the NATO summit in Vilnius, Lithuania.
“This is about justice," Zelenskyy added. "We defend ourselves, without using (these) weapons on the territory of other states.” Zelenskyy said. Any cluster munitions supplied to Ukraine, he said, would be used “purely for military purposes” and “purely” in Russian-occupied parts of southern and eastern Ukraine.
President Joe Biden earlier this week described the decision to provide the projectiles as “very difficult,” citing their record of killing civilians. Over 120 countries across the world -- but not the U.S., Russia or Ukraine -- have signed on to an international convention prohibiting the production of cluster munitions and discouraging their use. Both Moscow and Kyiv have deployed the munitions during the war, and Ukrainian regional officials have regularly accused Russian forces of using them to target civilians.
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NATO and Ukraine are holding their first ever high-level talks in a new format.
The 31-nation alliance is not letting Ukraine join while the war with Russia is going on, but has launched a NATO-Ukraine Council as part of its political commitment to the country.
NATO Secretary-General Jens Stoltenberg says it’s “a forum where Ukraine and NATO allies will meet as equals, hold crisis consultations and jointly take decisions. Ukraine is now closer to NATO than ever before.”
Hungary has blocked high-level talks with Ukraine in the past due to concerns over the rights of the ethnic Hungarian minority living in Ukraine. But Stoltenberg said he and Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy can convene the NATO-Ukraine Council, so it cannot be blocked.
“This is something new, this is something different. It’s a strong tool for political integration, and also for decision-making,” Stoltenberg said Wednesday before chairing the meeting.
Russia had a similar arrangement with NATO, but meetings dwindled after it annexed Ukraine’s Crimean Peninsula in 2014. Once the war started last year, the allies ruled that “NATO cannot consider Russia to be a partner.”
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Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy on Wednesday praised NATO’s decision to simplify Ukraine’s path to eventual membership and hailed new security guarantees and military aid for his country emerging from the alliance summit.
“The results of the summit are good, but if there were an invitation, that would be ideal,” Zelenskyy said at a press briefing with NATO Secretary-General Jens Stoltenberg in Vilnius, Lithuania. A day earlier, he tweeted that it was “absurd” that NATO hadn't set a timetable for Ukrainian membership.
He welcomed the alliance's move to drop the requirement for Kyiv to submit a formal membership action plan prior to joining as “an important step.” NATO said Tuesday Ukraine could join when "allies agree and conditions are met.”
Zelenskyy also lauded “very positive news” regarding new military aid packages from NATO countries. He met with leaders of the alliance on Wednesday, without immediately providing details.
The Ukrainian leaders thanked Western backers for their ongoing support, but suggested they don't fully understand the realities of war that Ukraine has been facing since Russian forces invaded in February last year.
NATO members have taken steps to expedite Ukraine's membership once the war is over.
“The most important thing is to have results, so that we can see concrete steps that bring us closer to NATO,” Zelenskyy said.
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The Kremlin considers plans by G7 nations to offer Ukraine security guarantees “extremely ill-judged and potentially very dangerous,” spokesman Dmitry Peskov told reporters on Wednesday.
Britain issued a statement a day earlier on plans by the G7 — made up of Britain, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan and the United States — to agree Wednesday to a “significant international framework for Ukraine’s long-term security arrangements.”
A joint statement expected to be signed by G7 members on the sidelines of the NATO summit in Lithuania would mark the first time “that this many countries have agreed a comprehensive long-term security arrangement of this kind with another country,” the British government said.
Countries providing security guarantees to Ukraine “essentially ignore the international principle of indivisibility of security,” Peskov said: “By providing security guarantees to Ukraine, they’re infringing on Russia’s security.”
“We consider this extremely ill-judged and potentially very dangerous,” he said.
Peskov also reiterated Russia's longstanding opposition to Ukraine's potential membership in NATO, calling it “an offensive alliance” that “brings instability and aggression” to the world.
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China has renewed its concern about NATO's eastward "expansion” as the alliance wraps up its summit in Lithuania on Wednesday.
A joint communique from the Atlantic alliance a day earlier said China's “stated ambitions and coercive policies challenge our interests, security and values,” while indicating that NATO members “remain open to constructive engagement” with Beijing.
China issued a strong rebuttal, saying it would “resolutely safeguard its sovereignty, security and development interests, and it resolutely opposes NATO’s eastward expansion into the Asia-Pacific.”
“NATO has a bad track record in history,” China’s diplomatic mission to the European Union in Brussels said in a statement, faulting NATO for “meddling in affairs beyond its borders, and creating confrontation.”
“This fully exposes NATO’s hypocrisy and its ambition of seeking expansion and hegemony,” it added, calling the NATO statement “tedious” and saying it was “playing the same old tune, filled with Cold War mentality and ideological bias.”
Like Russia, China has long voiced concerns that NATO has been on an eastward expansion, with both the vice foreign minister, Le Yucheng, and Foreign Ministry spokeswoman Hua Chunying referring to what they perceived as a continual expansion of the alliance.
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Hungary has welcomed a NATO decision to bring Ukraine closer to the military alliance without receiving a clear path for joining it, saying Wednesday that a “sense of responsibility” had prevailed at a summit where Kyiv had hoped for more concrete assurances for NATO membership.
Speaking in an interview on the sidelines of the summit in Vilnius, Lithuania, Hungarian Foreign Minister Peter Szijjarto said that providing no invitation or timeline for Ukraine’s NATO membership was the “only responsible decision” that NATO could take in light of the ongoing war – and one that Kyiv would have to settle for despite its broader hopes.
“A decision has been taken that does not risk escalating the war,” Szijjarto said. “The member states have made it clear that Ukraine will be invited to join NATO only if it fulfils all the conditions and if the allies unanimously agree to this.”
Szijjarto also urged NATO not to become an “anti-China” alliance, and said cooperation with China was as economically advantageous as partnerships with countries like South Korea and Japan.
“NATO should not be given an anti-China edge, so let’s make it clear that NATO is not an anti-China organization,” Szijjarto said. “It was not created against China, and its current operation is not against China. We do not see China as a risk, we do not see it as an adversary or an enemy.”
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Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy says issues including new military aid for Ukraine, a formal invitation for his country to join NATO, and security guarantees from its member states were on tap at second and final day of the alliance's summit on Wednesday.
The comments from the Ukrainian leader came a day after NATO member countries eased the pathway for Ukraine to join one day but stopped short of providing a specific timetable for an invitation that Zelenskyy has sought for Ukraine.
“We want to be on the same page with everybody. For today, what we hear and understand is that we will have this invitation (to join NATO) when security measures will allow, I want to discuss with our partners all these things,” Zelenskyy told reporters in the Lithuanian capital.
A post published on Zelenskyy’s official Twitter account said he had met with Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau on Wednesday to discuss security guarantees for Ukraine “on its way to NATO.”
Prime Minister Rishi Sunak of Britain, which has provided considerable military support to Kyiv, told Zelenskyy that the efforts of Ukraine’s soldiers against Russian forces were “inspiring to everyone. We’re proud to have played a part in training some of them.”
NATO members have long proposed that Ukraine could join one day, but Tuesday's decision shows the challenges of reaching consensus among the alliance’s current members while Russia's war in Ukraine continues.
Under Article 5 of the NATO charter, members are obligated to defend each other from attack, which could swiftly draw the U.S. and other nations into direct fighting with Russia.